| 1976: | | The Viking I lander touched down at Chryse Planitia on Mars. |
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| 1944: | | German military leaders attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler in the July Plot. |
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| 1917: | | The Corfu Declaration was issued, calling for the establishment of a unified Yugoslav state following World War I. |
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| 1917: | | | Prince Georgy Yevgenyevich Lvov resigned his post as prime minister of Russia's Provisional Government following the July Days demonstrations. |
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| 1894: | | | The Pullman Strike, a widespread railroad strike in the United States, ended, shortly after President Grover Cleveland ordered federal troops to Chicago. |
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| 1877: | | The Siege of Pleven began in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78. |
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| 1402: | | The forces of the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I were defeated by those of the Central Asian ruler Timur in the Battle of Ankara, resulting in the collapse of Bayezid's empire. |
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