| Despite the foundations of constitutional government laid down by Kamehameha III and formal avowals of Hawaiian independence by the United States, Great Britain, and France, political maneuvering continued to the contrary. A succession of overt and covert diplomatic moves culminated in the signing of a reciprocity treaty with the United States in 1875. The kingdom of Hawaii was then overthrown in 1893, and a republic was formed with U.S. support. The final stamp of U.S. domination came when ... |