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May 24, 1830: Opening of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

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The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was the first steam-operated railway in the United States to be chartered as a common carrier of freight and passengers. The first 21 km (13 miles) of line opened this day, spanning from Baltimore to Ellicott's Mills (now Ellicott City), Maryland. The maiden voyage of Peter Cooper's locomotive Tom Thumb demonstrated to doubters that steam traction was feasible on the steep, winding grades. The B&O Railroad Company was established by Baltimore merchants to compete ...