Known for its reggae music and thriving tourism, Kingston is the capital of Jamaica. Spread out around a scenic natural harbor and backed by the Blue Mountains, the city is located along the island's southeastern coast.

Places of interest

On Kingston's main streets, modern buildings contrast sharply with the decaying structures of earlier centuries. One of the most popular sites in Kingston is the Bob Marley Museum. Located in the home of the famous reggae star, the museum displays musical instruments and other possessions of Bob Marley. At the eastern limits of the town stands Rockfort, a fortress dating from the late 17th century and last manned in 1865.

Kingston is also home to many important cultural and educational sites. For example, the Institute of Jamaica maintains a public library, museum, and art gallery, all devoted to local interests. The Ward Theater has been operating continuously since the 18th century. The College of Arts, Science and Technology is located in Kingston, and the University of the West Indies is located 5 miles (8 kilometers) outside the city in Mona.

Economy

As the chief port city of Jamaica, Kingston is home to a busy shipping industry. In addition, many of the city's workers are employed by the government. Kingston is also a major tourist center. The city's harbor is protected by a narrow peninsula that has been developed into a resort.

History

Kingston was founded in 1692, after an earthquake and tidal wave destroyed the neighboring town of Port Royal. In 1703 Kingston an important business center in Jamaica. The city continued to grow quickly, mainly because of its harbor location. By the mid-1700s, some people in Jamaica wanted Kingston to become the capital. However, it was not until 1872 that the city replaced Spanish Town as the island's capital. On several occasions the city was almost destroyed by fire, and in 1907 Kingston suffered a violent earthquake and fire that destroyed most of the downtown area.

In 1962 Kingston, along with the rest of Jamaica, achieved its independence after centuries of British rule. During the 1980s, much of Kingston's decaying waterfront was demolished and redeveloped into hotels, shops, offices, and ship facilities. In 1999, violent riots occurred around Kingston in protest of a gasoline tax, which was later repealed. Population (1991 estimate), 103,770.