(1847–1903), U.S. journalist, born in New York, N.Y.; whose exposés of the abuses of industrial monopolies are classics of muckraking journalism; educated at Columbia College and admitted to the bar in 1869; joined staff of Chicago Tribune in 1872; “The Story of a Great Monopoly,” published in The Atlantic Monthly (March 1881) documented methods used by the Standard Oil Company and railroads to eliminate competitors; published ‘Wealth Against Commonwealth' (1894), an expanded attack on monopolies; alerted the public to need for antitrust legislation.