Enrollment consists of approximately 5,700 undergraduates and 400 graduate students, most of whom are state residents. The numbers of men and women attending are relatively equal. About a quarter of the undergraduates attend part-time, and many are over the age of 25. The campus contains a fair amount of student housing.

About two thirds of the full-time faculty hold doctorates. The university operates on a semester calendar and awards associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees. Fields of study offered at the undergraduate level include liberal arts and sciences, visual and performing arts, communications, business, computer sciences, animal sciences, medical technology, nursing, and kinesiology. Students can also work toward teacher certification. A dual-degree program with the University of Texas at El Paso enables students to study engineering. Angelo conducts graduate programs in many of the same areas as undergraduate studies.

Extracurricular activities at the university include fraternities and sororities, performing arts groups, a student-run newspaper, religious organizations, and intramural sports. Varsity sports teams, nicknamed the Rams, compete in Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. School colors are blue and gold.