(1489–1686), ruling family of the kingdom of Bij─pur, India, one of the two principal successor states to the Muslim sultanate of Bahman┤ in the Deccan. The dynasty strongly resisted the Mughal advance southward in the 17th century until it was extinguished by Aurangzeb with the capture of Bij─pur in 1686. It was named after its founder, Y┗suf ?─dil Sh─h, said to have been a son of the Ottoman sultan Murad II. He introduced a form of Isl─m but practiced toleration. At the end of his reign, Goa was lost (1510) to the Portuguese. After constant wars a coalition of Bij─purand with the three other Muslim Deccan states—Golconda, B┤dar, and Ahmadnagar—overthrew the Hindu Vijayanagar empire, threatening from the south, at Talikota in 1565. The dynasty's greatest period was during the reign of Ibr─h┤m ?─dil Sh─h II (1579–1626), who extended his frontier as far south as Mysore and was a skillful administrator and a generous patron of the arts. He reverted to the Sunnite form of Isl─m but remained tolerant of other religions, including Christianity. Thereafter, increasing weakness permitted Mughal encroachment and the successful revolt of the Mar─th─ ?ivaj┤, who killed the Bij─pur general Afzal Kh─n and scattered his army. The dynasty left a tradition of cosmopolitan culture and artistic patronage, whose architectural remains are to be seen in the capital city of Bij─pur. |